Radiation Oncology

B

• Bone Metastases Palliation - Single Fraction 8 Gy

  Single fraction 8 Gy provides pain relief comparable to multifraction schedules with more retreatment; choose fractionation based on logistics and fracture risk.
• Brain Metastases - SRS Versus Whole Brain Selection

  For limited brain metastases favor stereotactic radiosurgery; reserve whole brain for diffuse disease or leptomeningeal spread and consider hippocampal avoidance.

C

• Cervical Cancer - Brachytherapy Principles

  Definitive treatment requires external beam with concurrent chemotherapy followed by image guided brachytherapy; timely completion improves outcomes.

E

• Early Stage Lung Cancer - SBRT Selection and Planning

  For medically inoperable early stage non small cell lung cancer, SBRT offers high local control; evaluate motion, proximity to critical structures, and use image guided delivery.

H

• Hemostatic Radiation - Control of Tumor Bleeding

  For tumor related bleeding, short palliative radiation courses can achieve hemostasis while systemic and interventional options are coordinated.

M

• Malignant Spinal Cord Compression - Steroids Imaging and Radiation

  Back pain with new neurologic deficits in cancer should trigger emergent steroids and MRI; coordinate surgery versus urgent radiation based on stability and tumor factors.
• Mucositis in Head and Neck Radiation - Supportive Care

  Implement oral care protocols, topical anesthetics, analgesia, and nutrition support; consider gabapentin and prophylactic swallowing therapy.

P

• Prostate Cancer Radiation - Acute and Chronic Toxicity

  Counsel on urinary frequency urgency, bowel changes, and sexual effects; manage with alpha blockers, anti inflammatories, diet changes, and long term surveillance for hematuria or strictures.

R

• Radiation Cystitis - Evaluation and Hematuria Management

  Exclude infection and recurrence, provide bladder irrigation for clots, and use intravesical agents or hyperbaric oxygen for persistent hemorrhagic cystitis.
• Radiation Dermatitis - Prevention and Skin Care

  Advise gentle washing, moisturizers, and friction reduction; use topical steroids for erythema and manage moist desquamation with dressings and infection control.
• Radiation Pneumonitis - Recognition and Steroid Management

  New cough or dyspnea within months of thoracic radiation warrants imaging; exclude infection and start corticosteroids when symptomatic.
• Reirradiation - Cumulative Dose and Constraints

  When prior radiation exists, reconstruct dose, calculate cumulative organ at risk exposure, and use altered fractionation or advanced techniques to respect limits.

S

• Simulation and Immobilization - CT Planning and Prep

  Explain simulation and consent, choose appropriate immobilization, manage contrast and motion, and align planning CT with anticipated delivery techniques.
• Spine Metastases - SBRT Versus Conventional Factors

  Choose SBRT for oligometastatic disease requiring durable control near the cord; use conventional schedules for widespread disease or post operative adjuvant settings when appropriate.
• Superior Vena Cava Syndrome - Stenting Steroids and Radiation

  Assess airway and hemodynamics, obtain CT venography, prioritize endovascular stenting for rapid relief, and use radiation or systemic therapy for tumor control.