USMLE Prep - Medical Reference Library

Breast Core Biopsy - ER PR HER2 and Reporting

System: Pathology • Reviewed: Aug 31, 2025 • Step 1Step 2Step 3

Synopsis:

Include histologic type and grade with estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 status using validated assays and standardized thresholds.

Key Points

  • Stabilize ABCs; begin targeted evaluation without delaying life-saving therapy.
  • Use system-specific risk tools to guide testing and disposition.
  • Order high-yield tests first; escalate imaging when indicated.
  • Start evidence-based initial therapy and reassess frequently.

Algorithm

  1. Primary survey and vitals; IV access and monitors.
  2. Focused history/physical; identify red flags and likely etiologies.
  3. Order system-appropriate labs and imaging (see Investigations).
  4. Initiate guideline-based empiric therapy (see Pharmacology).
  5. Reassess response; arrange consultation and definitive management.

Clinical Synopsis & Reasoning

For Breast Core Biopsy Receptor Testing Reporting, frame the differential by acuity and pathophysiology, then align diagnostics to the leading hypotheses. Prioritize stabilization while obtaining high‑yield studies such as CBC (Baseline hematology), BMP (Electrolytes/renal). Incorporate bedside imaging and targeted labs to define severity and identify complications; synthesize results with clinical trajectory to refine the working diagnosis and disposition needs.


Treatment Strategy & Disposition

Initiate disease‑directed therapy alongside supportive care, titrating to objective response. Pharmacologic options commonly include Analgesia/Antipyretics. Use validated frameworks (e.g., Key Report Elements) to guide escalation and site of care. Address precipitating factors, de‑escalate empiric therapies with data, and arrange follow‑up for monitoring and risk‑factor modification; admit patients with instability, high risk of deterioration, or needs for close monitoring.


Epidemiology / Risk Factors

  • Risk factors vary by condition and patient profile

Investigations

TestRole / RationaleTypical FindingsNotes
CBCBaseline hematologyAbnormal counts
BMPElectrolytes/renalDerangements

Key Report Elements

ElementInclude
Type and gradeYes
ER PRPercent and intensity
HER2Score and method

Pharmacology

MedicationMechanismOnsetRole in TherapyLimitations
Lorazepam (pre-procedure)GABA-A agonismHoursClaustrophobia/anxiety during imagingSedation
Prednisone + diphenhydramine (premed)Steroid + H1 blockerHoursOnly for prior contrast reactionHyperglycemia/sedation

Prognosis / Complications

  • Prognosis depends on severity, comorbidities, and timeliness of care

Patient Education / Counseling

  • Explain red flags and when to seek emergent care.
  • Reinforce medication adherence and follow-up plan.

Notes

Preanalytic variables such as cold ischemia and fixation time affect results. Include comment if suboptimal.


References

  1. ASCO CAP guideline for ER PR and HER2 testing — Link
  2. NCCN breast cancer workup — Link